Convection, which produces a multitude of dangerous elements, including lightning, heavy rain, icing, hail and — especially — severe turbulence, is a risk to all aircraft, including air carriers. Flight crews of even the largest commercial jets, for example, must be acutely aware of convective activity, and the resulting turbulence, to reduce the risk of injury to unsecured occupants. Convection is also the No. 1 reason for delays in the U.S. National Airspace System (NAS).
